Cell Mutagenic Autopolyploidy Enhances Salinity Stress Tolerance in Leguminous Crops

Salinity stress affects plant growth and development by causing osmotic nutrient imbalances through excess Na+, K+, Cl− ion accumulations that induce toxic effects during germination, seedling development, vegetative growth, flowering, fruit set. However, the of salt on processes, especially in polyploidized leguminous plants, remain unexplored scantly reported compared to their diploid counterparts. This paper discusses physiological molecular response legumes towards salinity stress-based ionic cells. A multigenic involving various compatible solutes, osmolytes, ROS, polyamines, antioxidant activity, together with genes encoding proteins involved signal transduction, regulation, mechanisms this stress, were identified discussed. discussion reaffirms polyploidization as driving force evolution adaptation environmental constraints such drought, feverish temperatures, and, particular, stress. As a result, thorough elucidation role gene duplication induced autopolyploidization possible regulating tolerance grain must be further studied.